Molasses was used as an alternative binder to the bentonite binder. The change in moisture absorption by pellets prepared with different iron ores and different molasses contents were investigated. Iron ore properties exerted the major effect on pellet behavior and final pellet quality. The absorbed moisture content of pellets prepared without binder, bentoniteadded pellets, and molasses ...
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The residue of bentonite after roasting mainly contains SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3, leading to a ~ % decrease in pellets iron content for every % increase in bentonite content of raw materials ...
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fine concentrate. The most commonly employed one is pelletizing in iron ore industry. In pelletizing, iron ore, water and a binder are balled in a mechanical disc or drum to produce agglomerates. Bentonite is the most widely used binder. However, it is considered as an impurity due to its high SiO 2 and Al 2O 3 content. Many researchers have ...
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Yet, bentonite does not undergo any such chemical reactions within pellets. Instead, bentonite physically binds to iron ore particles. Bentonite additionally controls excess water within the pellet. Sodium bentonite in particular can absorb around 900% PWA, allowing pelletization moistures to remain considerably more consistent than without binder.
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Addition of 1% bentonite to an iron ore concentrate results in a lowering of acid pellet iron content by % [1]. ... Structurally, good organic binders for iron ore pelletization should contain sufficient polar groups (X) and hydrophilic groups (Y) and possess the structure mold like [X P Y] n. Ionization potential, electron affinity, group ...
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The goals stemming from the final reduction process are drawn back through the pelletization process to present a clear rationale for why each material can be used to control the pellet quality. Major inorganic binders such as bentonite, colemanite, and lime are examined along with less commonly used alternatives.
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Comparison Between High Pressure Frozen Iron OreBentonite Slurry and Plunge Frozen Iron Ore Pellet. A similar microstructure was found for bentonite in the high pressure frozen iron orebentonite slurry, as shown in Figure 3a, close to a large magnetite particle corresponding to the bright region on the lefthand side of the expected, the microstructure of welldispersed smectite ...
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The production of iron ore pellets at JSW Steel Limited involves the drying of iron ore fines to get the moisture less than 1% and grinding the dried material to get the required fineness 45 μm size ≥%.Prior to the formation of green pellets, the ground ore is mixed with small amounts of binding agents such as bentonite ( to %), fluxes such as limestone to get the pellet ...
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Bentonite is a predominant binder used in iron ore pelletization. However, the presence of a high content of silica and alumina in bentonite is considered undesirable for ironmaking operations. The objective of this study was to identify the alternatives of bentonite for iron ore pelletization. To achieve this goal, different types of organic and inorganic binders were utilized to produce iron ...
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Humic substancebased binder (HB) has been found to be an effective substitution for bentonite in the production of iron ore pellets. In this study, it was found that the preheating time needed to be prolonged during the pelletization processing which is a remarkable feature of pellets with HB instead of bentonite. As far as the oxidation behaviors were concerned, a manifest oxidation ...
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What Is Iron Ore Pelletization Process. ... The next step involves grinding this dried residue, with the addition of Bentonite which is a binder chemical. This concentrate is then passed through a specialized machine, known as a disc pelletizer, that helps form standardsized pellets. Once pellets are formed they are hardened under high ...
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1. Introduction. The binder is an important additive widely applied in pelletizing iron ore concentrates, making iron ore pellets available as feedstocks for blast furnace ironmaking or direct reduction processes [1,2,3].Bentonite clay, due to its excellent effectiveness and relatively low cost, has been the predominant binder for pellet production since 1950s [4,5,6].
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During iron ore agglomeration or pelletization, moist iron concentrate particles and flux materials are rolled into balls with the ... with bentonite, it is well known that using a western, or Wyoming, bentonite with high ... induration machine; and static loading in the travelling grate. Greenballs should not plastically
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The present application of binders used in the iron ore industries indicates that the most common binder is bentonite, which is generally added as % by weight of iron [10, 11]. It has proved to be the most effective binder due to its high water adsorption capacity and dry film strength [ 12 ].
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With the growing numbers of iron ore pelletization industries in India, various impacts on environment and health in relation to the workplace will rise. ... tanks before being fed through pressure filters and mixed with the additives. The purpose of the additives limestone, bentonite, coke, and anthracite was to improve the physical and ...
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Bentonite is the most common binder in iron ore pelletization. Bentonite has proven to be the most effective binder owing to its high water adsorption capacity and dry film strength. It is commonly used at an addition level of % by weight of iron ore. However, because of its acid constituents (SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3), it is considered as ...
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A laboratory study was carried out to characterize the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of lime fluxed (varying basicity 02) hematite iron ore pellets. Lime was used as additive as well as fluxing agent for making iron ore pellets. The effect of additives on different properties of pellets was studied. The findings show that on increasing the addition of lime, more of calcium ...
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particles to form iron ore pellets. Second, most of the tests require up to 20 hours to perform. Bentonite only has afew minutes to interact within the concentrate before it is indurated (sintered). For this reason, these longterm tests may not reflect the true behavior of bentonite during iron ore pelletization. Third, the tests are
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This study illustrates the feasibility of pelletizing magnetite iron ore concentrate using four organic binders: KemPel, Alcotac CS, Alcotac FE16, and CMC, in comparison to bentonite as a reference.
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Pellets from the concentrates with the composition given in Table 1 and fluxes were chosen as objects of rocks with the comparable content of CO 2, 43 ± 2%, were used as dosage was chosen to achieve the cementsand ratio B 2 = CaO/SiO 2 of and The amount of binder (bentonite powder) in all the experiments was taken % (dry weight).
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Bentonite is a predominant binder used in iron ore pelletization. However, the presence of a high content of silica and alumina in bentonite is considered undesirable for ironmaking operations.
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The selection of an appropriate binder type and dosage is of critical importance in producing good quality pellets at a reasonable price. Binders accomplish two very important functions in iron ore pelletization: The binder makes the moist ore plastic, so that it will nucleate seeds that grow at a controlled rate into wellformed pellets.
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January 2017. Jacob McDonald. The replacement of bentonite as the standard iron ore binder is an important factor in the future of iron processing. Bentonite adds %% unwanted silica to the ...
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Keywords: HA, modified bentonite, characterization, iron ore, pelletization Abstract A new kind of iron ore pellet binder named humic acid modifying bentonite (HAMB) has been developed by the author's group, which has the advantages of both organic HA and inorganic bentonite. The green pellet strength can be obviously improved by
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ABSTRACT Humic substances exist widely in lignite coal as high molecular weight organic molecules. They can be used as binders in iron ore pelletization mostly in the form of salt, such as sodium humate and amine humate via extraction from lignite coal. It is worth determining if lignite can be used as a binder without extraction. As a composite binder of organic and inorganics, due to the ...
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For pelletization study, as received iron oxide pellet fines were ground to below 150 μ using ball mill. The particle size distribution of ground iron ore fines was determined by the Malvern particle size analyzer (Hydro 2000MU, UK) and shown in Fig. number was measured to determine surface area of the iron oxide pellet fines using air permeability apparatus (Model 6565, ToniPERM ...
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Bentonite is the most used binder due to favorable mechanical and metallurgical pellet properties, but it contains impurities especially silica and alumina. The importance of many researches concerning alternative binders is also discussed in this chapter.
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