The Bayer process is the name for the hydrometallurgical extraction and refinement of alumina from bauxite. Bauxite ore is ground and then digested in highly caustic solutions at elevated temperatures.
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In this study, extraction of aluminum, iron, and titaniumbearing constituents from diasporetype bauxite ores was investigated by stepwise treatment consisting of predesilication via alkalileaching of bauxite ore, extraction of alumina via Bayer process, and recovery of iron from red mud via magnetic separation. The predesilication results showed that the removal of silica reached % ...
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Aluminum Extraction Flowsheet The flowsheet in this study illustrates only the following two steps in the modified Bayer Process: grinding and digestion of bauxite in the sodium aluminate liquor, separation and washing of the coarse red mud residue from the sodium aluminate liquor.
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Bayer's method for the extraction of Alumina: ∙ Conversion of impure bauxite to sodium aluminate; Bauxite in the powdered form is added to conc. sodium hydroxide and then heated in a closed vessel at 433 K and 5−6 bar pressure for 6 −8 hours. The aluminium oxide in bauxite is converted to sodium aluminate which is soluble in water.
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is the main ore of aluminium with silica (S i O 2), ferric oxide (F e 2 O 3) and titanium oxide (T i O 2) as impurities in it. ii. In this process, the bauxite ore is first crushed and then it is leached by heating with hot concentrated caustic soda (NaOH) solution under high pressure for 2 to 8 hrs at 140 to 150 ∘ C in a tank ...
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The first step is to heat the bauxite ore to temperatures of 200°c along with a sodium hydroxide solution. This will convert the aluminium oxide to a solution of sodium aluminate. The silica will dissolve itself in the process. The chemical equation is. Al 2 O 3 + 2 NaOH → 2 NaAlO 2 + H 2 O.
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The process stages are: 1. Milling The bauxite is washed and crushed, reducing the particle size and increasing the available surface area for the digestion stage. Lime and "spent liquor" (caustic soda returned from the precipitation stage) are added at the mills to make a pumpable slurry. 2. Desilication
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The basis of the Bayer process is an understanding of the characteristics of the sodiumhydroxide—sodiumaluminate solution relationship, namely its ability to keep sodiumaluminate in a dissolved state over a wide range of conditions, especially on the temperature and caustic soda concentrations.
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bauxite ore, which is generally used for the production of ... eral concentration is achieved by different methods such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, froth flotation, etc. Bauxite Beneficiation The Bayer process is a wellestablished process for alumina extraction from bauxite, which makes use of caustic soda at high temperature ...
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Typically, the Bayer process produces smeltergrade alumina of % Al2O3, starting from bauxite containing 30% to 60% Al2O3. The main objective of the Bayer process is to extract the maximum amount of aluminum from the bauxite at as high an aluminate concentration in solution as possible, while limiting any troublesome side reactions.
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The ore quality determines the performance of the Bayer's process. ... The actual processing conditions within the digester, such as the caustic concentration, leaching temperature and pressure, and the operating costs, are greatly influenced by the type of bauxite ore. Ores with high gibbsite content can be processed at about 140°C ...
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In the Bayer process, bauxite ore is heated in a pressure vessel along with a sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda) at a temperature of 150 to 200 °C. At these temperatures, the aluminium is dissolved as sodium aluminate (primarily [Al (OH) 4] −) in an extraction process.
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Solution Verified by Toppr The bauxite is purified by the Bayer Process. First the ore is mixed with a hot concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide. The N aOH will dissolve the oxides of aluminum and silicon but not other impurities such as iron oxides, which remains insoluble.
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In general, the highgrade bauxite with Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratio of 710 is refined using the Bayer process, while the sintering process is suitable for refining the lowgrade bauxite with an Al 2 O ...
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When the roasting temperature is 850 °C, the roasting time is 10 min the sulfur content in the bauxite can be reduced to below %. The digestion performance of the roasted ore was better than for the raw ore. This indicates that a low energy consumption production process with highsulfur bauxite can be achieved by this method. Keywords
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"Bauxite Residue" (BR) refers to the insoluble solid material, generated during the extraction of alumina (Al 2 O 3) from Bauxite ore using the Bayer bauxite ore is treated with caustic soda, the aluminum hydroxides/oxides contained within, are solubilized, with approximately 50% of the bauxite mass being transferred to the liquid phase, while the remaining solid fraction ...
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The Bayer process is used for refining bauxite to smelting grade alumina, the precursor to aluminum. Typically, depending upon the quality of the ore, between and tonnes of bauxite is required to produce 1 ton of alumina. The Bayer process involves the digestion of crushed bauxite in the concentrated sodium hydroxide (caustic) solution at
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Bauxite, the main raw material for aluminum production, is rapidly consumed with the development of modern industry. Highsulfur bauxite, a typical bauxite ore, has been estimated at 560 million tons in China [], but it has not yet been effectively mass fraction of sulfur in high sulfur bauxite is above %, and 90% of sulfur elements exist in the form of FeS 2.
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Bauxite residue (BR) is a caustic redcolored byproduct of the Bayer process for alumina (Al 2 O 3) extraction from bauxite ore, generated in a proportion ranging from to (alumina: BR). BR may have distinguished particle's size distribution varying from sand (+100 μm) to fine particles (−150 μm) depending on the bauxite origins.
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Red mud near Stade Bauxite, an aluminium ore (Hérault department, France).The reddish colour is due to iron oxides that make up the main part of the red mud.. Red mud, now more frequently termed bauxite residue, is an industrial waste generated during the processing of bauxite into alumina using the Bayer is composed of various oxide compounds, including the iron oxides which give ...
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Bauxite Al 2 O 2 O; Corundum Al 2 O 3; Cryolite Na 3 AlF 6; Metallurgy of Aluminium. Aluminium is mostly extracted from its bauxite ore. Dressing of Ore. The ore is mechanically crushed and pulverized. Concentration of ore. The bauxite ore contains ferric oxide and silica as impurities.
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Of the three major sources of gallium, Bauxite contributes about 50% and that is even obtained during the refining process of the bauxite ore. So countries with nonnegligible concentration of Ga, needs to undertake thorough investigation into the techniques for recovering Ga both in the Bayer liquor and the red mud in order to add more value ...
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Bauxite, the most important ore of aluminium, contains only 3054% alumina, Al 2 O 3, the rest being a mixture of silica, various iron oxides, and titanium alumina must be purified before it can be refined to aluminium metal. In the Bayer process, bauxite is washed with a hot solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, at 175°C (called digestion).
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It is one of the critical contaminants in the Bayer process. Its average concentration, ... It also may occur that that the bauxite ore forms lenses: for example, in Kolhapur district (West Coast, India) there are lenses of sub grade laterite of 12 km long 300400 m wide and 23 m thick. This type of bauxite ore is quasi floating inside ...
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The production of alumina by the Bayer process involves three main steps: digestion of bauxite, precipitation of aluminum trihydrate (gibbsite, Al2O3. 3H2O) from the resulting solution and calcining of the gibbsite at 980 1200oC to produce alumina. Which process is used for concentration of bauxite? Bayer's process is used for the ...
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While some oxalate enters the Bayer process with bauxite as oxalic acid adsorbed on various minerals, the majority is created by the oxidation and pyrolysis of bauxite organics under Bayer digestion conditions. The rate of its formation in digestion is principally related to the bauxite organic carbon concentration and composition, and to the ...
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The Bayer process is used for refining bauxite to smelting grade alumina (Al 2 O 3), the precursor to aluminium. The process was developed and patented by Karl Josef Bayer 110 years ago, and has ...
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During the electrolysis process, the potential of the cathode relative to the reference electrode was measured as a function of the current at different concentrations of solid (100300 g L −1) and suspension temperatures (95120 °C).
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Question Bayer's process is used for the concentration of ______ ore. A aluminium B zinc C copper D iron Solution Verified by Toppr Bayer's process is used for the concentration of aluminium ore, bauxite. In this process, the impurities like iron oxide and silica are removed. Was this answer helpful? 0 Similar Questions 1
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Bayer's Process of Concentration of Bauxite: This process is applied when bauxite contains more Fe 2 O 3 am less SiO 2. This finely ground calcined ore is digested with 45% NaOH solution in an autoclave under 80 lbs pressure at 150°C for ~ 8 hours. When Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 go into solution as NaAlO 2 and Na 2 iO 3 respectively.
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Solution. The correct option is D Leaching. Bauxite ore is concentrated by the process of leaching. It is a process in which a suitable solution is added to the ore. A chemical reaction takes place between ore and solution in which the ore dissolves in the solution. The insoluble impurities are filtered off.
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It is well known that the Bayer process is the main method to extract alumina from the bauxite in the world [19]. However, Bayer process is only suitable for the treatment of high grade bauxite ore. With the development of alumina production capacity, the resources of high quality bauxite are decreasing year by year [10, 11].
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